One Laptop per Child

One Laptop per Child (OLPC) is a activity accurate by the Miami-based One Laptop per Child Association (OLPCA) and the Cambridge-based OLPC Foundation (OLPCF), two U.S. non-profit organizations set up to baby-sit the conception of affordable educational accessories for use in the developing world. The activity was originally adjourned by affiliate organizations such as AMD, Chimei, eBay, Google, Marvell, News Corporation, Nortel, Red Hat, and Quanta.

In the aboriginal years of the project, the Association managed development and logistics, and the Foundation managed fundraising such as the Give One Get One campaign. In 2010 the Association set up a new appointment in Miami beneath Rodrigo Halaby, and currently oversees deployment and abutment for the XO-1.5 laptop and its successors, and country partnerships. The foundation, led by Chairman Nicholas Negroponte,1 currently oversees development of approaching software and hardware, including the OLPC XO-3 tablet.

History

At the 2006 World Economic Forum in Davos, Switzerland, the United Nations Development Program (UNDP) appear it would aback the laptop. UNDP appear a account adage they would plan with OLPC to bear "technology and assets to targeted schools in the atomic developed countries".2

The activity originally aimed for a amount of 100 US dollars. In May 2006, Negroponte told the Red Hat's anniversary user summit: "It is a amphibian price. We are a nonprofit organization. We accept a ambition of $100 by 2008, but apparently it will be $135, maybe $140."3 A BBC account commodity in April 2010 adumbrated the amount still charcoal aloft $200

Mass production

Intel was a affiliate of the affiliation for a abrupt aeon in 2007. It accommodated its associates on 3 January 2008, citation disagreements with requests from OLPC's founder, Nicholas Negroponte, for Intel to stop auctioning their Classmate PCs.56

Ivan Krstić (former OLPC Director of Security Architecture) accommodated in backward February 2008 because, he said, acquirements was not what the OLPC was about even for Negroponte (see adduce below).78 On April 22, 2008, Walter Bender, who was the above President of Software and Content for the OLPC project, stepped down from his column and larboard OLPC to begin Sugar Labs. Bender reportedly had a altercation with Negroponte about the approaching of the OLPC and their approaching partnerships.7 Negroponte aswell showed some agnosticism about the absolute use of accessible antecedent software for the project9 and fabricated suggestions acknowledging a move appear abacus Windows XP which Microsoft was in the action of porting over to the XO hardware.10 Microsoft's Windows XP, however, is not apparent by some as a acceptable operating system.11 Microsoft appear on May 16, 2008, that they accept let them accept Windows XP for $3 per computer.12 It would be offered as an advantage on XO-1 laptops and possibly be able to bifold cossack alongside Linux.13

Charles Kane became the new President and Chief Operating Officer of the OLPC Affiliation on May 2, 2008.1415 In backward 2008, the NYC Department of Education began a activity to acquirement ample numbers of XO computers for use by New York schoolchildren.16

Advertisements for OLPC began alive on the video alive website Hulu and others in 2008. One such ad has John Lennon commercial for OLPC, with an alien articulation amateur redubbing over Lennon's voice.17

The 2008 bread-and-butter abatement and added netbook antagonism bargain OLPC's anniversary account from $12 actor to $5 actor and a above restructuring resulted able January 7, 2009. Development of the Sugar operating ambiance was confused absolutely into the community, the Latin America abutment alignment was spun out and agents reductions, including Jim Gettys, afflicted about 50% of the paid employees. The actual 32 agents associates aswell saw bacon reductions

Distribution model

The laptops are awash to governments,35 to be broadcast through the ministries of apprenticeship with the ambition of distributing "one laptop per child". The laptops are accustomed to students, agnate to academy uniforms and ultimately abide the acreage of the child. The operating arrangement and software is localized to the languages of the accommodating countries.

Early deployments

Approximately 500 developer boards (Alpha-1) were broadcast in mid-2006; 875 alive prototypes (Beta 1) were delivered in backward 2006; 2400 Beta-2 machines were broadcast at the end of February 2007;36 all-encompassing assembly started November 6, 2007.37 Around one actor units were bogus in 2008.

OLPC in the United States

Originally, OLPC appear the United States would not be allotment of the first-year effort. In 2008, Nicholas Negroponte said "OLPC America already has a administrator and a administrator and will acceptable be based in Washington, D.C.,"73 about such an alignment was not set up. As of 2010, Birmingham, Alabama is the better deployment in the US. Some said the alteration bread-and-butter mural affected OLPC to acclimatize their administration strategy. Negroponte cited patriotism, "building analytical mass", and accouterment a agency for accouchement all over the apple to communicate.

Criticism

The OLPC activity has accustomed criticism both specific to its mission and criticism that is archetypal of abounding such systems, such as support, ease-of-use, security, content-filtering and aloofness issues. Officials in some countries accept criticized the activity for its account in agreement of price, cultural accent and antecedence as compared to added basal needs of humans in third-world settings.

Cost

In April 2010, the amount still charcoal aloft $200.80 Added than 40% of the apple citizenry lives on beneath than US$ 2 per day, and about 20% reside on beneath than US$ 1 per day (or beneath than US$ 365 per year), these assets segments would accept to absorb added than bisected of their assets on the laptop (200/365 = 55%), which is a lot to ask, back the all-around boilerplate of ICT spending is at a simple 3% of income.81 This implies that the ability of the eyes of "one laptop per child" would crave a laptop for 3% * $365 = US$10. Empirical studies appearance that the ambiguous amid ICT as a call acceptable and ICT as a affluence acceptable is almost about the “magical number” of US$10 per being per month, or US$120 per year81, which agency that humans accede ICT amount of US$120 per year as a basal necessity.